英法同形词义辨析:Accuser / accuse
Accuser / accuse
When you want to kill your dog, you accuse it of having rabies.
The chauffeur was accused of the murder of the countess.
但法语的“accuser”未必译为英语的“accuse”, 如下例所示:
Blaming fate for one’s misfortunes is a way of evading one’s own responsibilities.
Everything points to his guilt / points to him.
代词式动词“s’accuser” 是“自己指控自己”(avouer un crime, une faute), 也就是承认犯罪(错)(to confess to sth. /to having done sth.)
He made a confession of his sins.
但法语的“accuser”的意义要丰富的多。在不同的场合,它还可以是“显露,使鲜明 ,凸显” (indiquer, signaler),可译为英语的 “ to show, reveal, accentuate, emphasize” 等。
例如:des traits accusés, prominent features. 明显特征。
The light showed up the sick man’s drawn features.
That clinging dress emphasizes / accentuates her curves.
His tendency to selfishness was becoming more marked / becoming more pronounced as he grew older.
His face shows all of his forty years / looks all of forty.
注意:在公文,商业信函等场合,法语的“accuser” 还有 “确认收到(书信,文件等)” 的意思(to acknowledge receipt of)。
I acknowledge receipt of your letter dated the 15th of this month.
最后,再总结一下:法语的 "accuser",既可以作“指控”解,也可以作“显露, 凸显” 解。如何区分这两个词意呢?
作“指控”讲的 "accuser",其宾语一般是人(或动物)了(Objet animé)。而当宾语不是人(动物),而是无生命的事物(Objet inanimé), 如: 外表, 面容, 特征,心情等, “accuser” 的意义就肯定不是“指控”,而是“显露, 凸显”了。
好了,关于“accuser” 就先说这些吧。童鞋们是否都清楚了呢?
现在,要考考大家:请把下面两列短句(词组)中意义相同或相关的用线联起来(没有这个功能?那就在字母后面写数字吧。^v^)
A. Tout l’accuse. 1. His face was marked by distress.
B. He stands accused of murder. 2. Everything points to his guilt.
C. Cette robe accuse sa jeunesse. 3. Il a été accusé de meurtre.
D. Son visage accusait la détresse. 4. This dress brings out her youthfulness.
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